Parking in New Development

9.61 Car parking provision is a tool in the management of travel demand and traffic congestion. It is important that car parking is generally provided with new development but that the scale of the parking is managed to ensure that demands upon road space, traffic congestion and land take are not excessive. PPG13, ‘Transport’ (2001), introduces nationally applicable levels of parking provision for various categories and scales of development. At the regional level, the 'Regional Spatial Strategy for Yorkshire & the Humber' (2004) (RSS) Policy T5 confirms the need for parking levels to be consistent at the regional level, extends the policy into the regional context and provides a range of parking allowances that are to be applied across the region. The RSS forms part of the Development Plan for Calderdale by virtue of the provisions of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act (2004) and as a result the parking allowances contained are applicable within the District. These allowances have been set out in Policy T 18 ‘Maximum Parking Allowances’ and indications as to where the ranges of parking are applicable have been given. As part of the further development of parking policy within Calderdale, a Supplementary Planning Document, under the new planning system, will be prepared in accordance with the Local Development Scheme. This will indicate levels of accessibility within the District and relate the ranges of parking provided for in Policy T 18 ‘Maximum Parking Allowances’ to the levels of accessibility identified.

9.62 Within the town centres of Calderdale the application of the new maximum parking requirements could have serious consequences for traffic congestion, amenity, conservation efforts, regeneration, use of valuable town centre land, or compromise efforts to encourage travel by alternative modes of transport. As a result the Council will not expect developers to provide parking with their developments within these centres. In some circumstances, for instance within Conservation Areas or within the curtilage of Listed Buildings, it may be necessary on conservation or amenity grounds to preclude parking altogether. However, there may be circumstances within the town centres where essential operational parking is needed. The Council will assess these requirements on their merits, and will not seek to allow parking that would be used for general long stay purposes. The following Policy will therefore apply:-

Policy T 18

Maximum Parking Allowances

New development should provide parking not in excess of the maximum allowances set out below.

In determining the appropriate level of parking to be achieved for any given development, consideration will be given to the following factors:-

  • the accessibility of the site;

  • its relationship to urban areas, (including proximity to town centres and other locations of high accessibility);

  • relevant parking or traffic management strategies;

  • opportunities for the use of alternative modes of transport including public transport, walking and cycling;
Parking provision above these allowances will not be permitted.

ATTENTION : Please note the following:

1.  PARKING FOR THOSE WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES

  • Developments that allow access to the public, including retailing, offices, cultural and recreational uses should provide car parking for disabled people at a ratio of 1 disabled space per 10 spaces provided.THIS IS ADDITIONAL TO THAT IN THE MAXIMUM REQUIREMENTS BELOW. (Therefore if 50 spaces are required to serve a development an additional 5 spaces for disabled people will be necessary to serve the development).

2.  PARKING FOR BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLES/MOPEDS

  • New commercial, retail, employment and leisure development should provide opportunities for the parking of bicycles and motorcycles in secure facilities. Large residential conversions and major new blocks of apartments (creating over 5 units) should also provide facilities for the secure storage and parking of bicycles and motorcycles. (See the Bicycle and Motorcycle and Moped Parking Requirements in Policy T 19 ‘Bicycle Parking Guidance’ and Policy T 20 ‘Motorcycle/Moped/Scooter Parking Guidance:’.

3.  FACILITIES FOR DELIVERIES

  • All new commercial, retail, employment and leisure development should provide facilities for the delivery and collection of goods. In particular, adequate space must be provided for delivery vehicles to unload in an appropriate manner, off the public highway where necessary or desirable and to leave the site in a forward gear.

4.  EXCEPTIONS:-

  • Town Centres:- within the designated town centres shown on the Proposals Map, the Council will generally not expect developers to provide parking and therefore the Maximum Allowances will not apply. However in some circumstances, at the discretion of the Council, where it is considered that on-street parking problems will arise or that issues of road safety may be compromised, then parking may be required. For larger applications such matters will be assessed during the consideration of the Transport Assessment. Where a developer, for operational or other reasons seeks to provide parking space, this will be limited to that genuinely necessary to serve the development and will not be allowed to cater for long stay or commuter parking.
  • Conservation Areas and at Listed Buildings:- within Conservation Areas and at Listed Buildings, the provision of parking may not always be appropriate for reasons of amenity or conservation value. The Council will consider the provision of parking within these areas on their merits at the time of the application.
  • Rail Stations and Interchanges:- appropriate provision of parking facilities will be encouraged near rail stations and interchanges to encourage motorists to use public transport for part of their journeys.

Where Regional Spatial Strategy states maximum parking allowances these are used in the following table.

URBAN AREAS for the purposes of this Policy are :- Halifax/Sowerby Bridge; Brighouse/Rastrick/Hipperholme; Elland/West Vale/Greetland.

ALL other settlements, and out lying parts of the district for example:- Todmorden, Hebden Bridge, Mytholmroyd, Ripponden, Stainland/Holywell Green, Southowram, Northowram and Shelf together with the rural areas and the countryside fall into Rural Areas/Market Towns as defined by Regional Spatial Strategy.

All figures are based upon the gross floor area of the development. Maximum Allowances are expressed in terms of 1 space per xx square metres gross floor area.

USE CLASS

TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT

MAXIMUM PARKING ALLOWANCES :Parking for Disabled Users is ADDITIONAL to this Maximum (See Note 1) 1 space per xx sq.m Gross

A1

SHOPS

  

Food Retail - Under 500 sq.m
  • 35 sq.m

  

Food Retail - 500 to 999 sq.m
  • 20 sq.m

  

Food Retail - 1000 sq.m or over
  • URBAN: 14 - 25 sq.m
  • RURAL: 14 - 20- sq.m

  

Non-Food Retail - Under 1000 sq.m
  • 25 sq.m

  

Non-Food Retail - 1000 sq.m or over
  • URBAN: 25 - 60 sq.m
  • RURAL: 20 - 30 sq.m

A2

FINANCIAL AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICES

    

  

Under 2500 sq.m
  • 35 sq.m

2500 sq.m or over
  • URBAN: 35 - 60 sq.m
  • RURAL: 35 sq.m

A3

FOOD AND DRINK
  • In settlements defined on the Proposals Map - 5 sq.m
  • Green Belt and the area Around Todmorden - 3.5 sq.m

(The different maximum recognise that within urban areas, opportunities for walking to these facilities are much greater than within rural areas, where the preponderance to use a vehicle may be greater).

B1

BUSINESS

Under 2500 sq.m
  • 30 sq.m (All areas)

Over 2500 sq.m
  • URBAN: 30 - 60 sq.m
  • RURAL: 30 sq.m

B2

GENERAL INDUSTRY
  • URBAN: 50 - 75 sq.m
  • RURAL: 30 - 50 sq.m

B8

WAREHOUSING
  • 250 sq.m

  

  

MIXED USE

MIXED USE DEVELOPMENTS

These should provide parking to meet the needs of each element of the development within the Maximum Allowances set out in this Policy.

C1

HOTELS
  • 1 space per 4 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS 1 space per bedroom

C2

RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS

  

  

HOSPITALS (Levels of parking at hospitals may be varied in accordance with the Transport Assessment and Travel Plan)

  • 1 space per 4 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS
  • 1 space per 4 daily visitors.

  

NURSING HOMES / RESIDENTIAL HOMES
  • 1 space per 4 staff (likely to be present at one time); PLUS
  • 1 space per 5 bedrooms

C3

DWELLING HOUSES

NOTE: Provision of parking for residential developments should be within curtilage except where communal parking is proposed.

  

ALL HOUSES, DWELLINGS FLATS AND APARTMENTS
  • 1 space per dwelling PLUS
  • 1 space per dwelling where parking is available within the curtilage of the dwelling otherwise 1 space per 2 dwellings, (giving a total of 1.5 spaces per dwelling on developments where communal parking is provided).
  • Larger dwellings, in excess of 5 bedrooms will be assessed separately.
  • Lower provision of residential parking will generally be acceptable in more sustainable locations such as Town Centres or in locations of high accessibility.

  

SHELTERED HOUSING
  • 1 space per 2 units PLUS
  • 1 per 4 units for visitors

GENERAL NOTE ON RESIDENTIAL PARKING

  • For residential conversions or new development where there may be no opportunity for off-street or in-curtilage parking, account will be taken of the effects of parking on the highway and the availability of public parking and of public transport as an alternative travel mode in the vicinity of the development. Permission will not be refused on the grounds of lack of parking, except where on-street parking would result in a road safety hazard, significant congestion or compromise other material considerations of concern. (See Policy T21 on Car Free and Low Car Ownership Housing Developments as well).

  • Where parking is provided within the curtilage, consideration of the need to remove Permitted Development Rights or the imposition of conditions will be undertaken regarding the retention of the parking spaces to ensure their availability at all times in order to reduce the likelihood of on-street parking. Where a residential property is to be extended, the result of which will be to place the extended dwelling in another parking band, consideration will be given to the need to seek increased parking provision within the curtilage of the site.

  • On larger development sites where a range of house types may be provided, communal parking should be provided where feasible or appropriate in order to reduce the overall parking requirement on the development site and to ensure that an average of 1.5 spaces per dwelling is provided across the development.

D1

NON-RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS

  NOTE:

Levels of parking at schools and colleges to be assessed under the Transport Assessment and Travel Plan

PRIMARY SCHOOLS
  • 1 space per 2 staff PLUS
  • 5 spaces for visitors

SECONDARY SCHOOLS
  • 1 space per 2 staff PLUS
  • 10 spaces for visitors

FURTHER EDUCATION AND COLLEGES
  • 1 space per 2 staff PLUS
  • 1 per 15 Full time Students

  

HEALTH CENTRES / SURGERIES
  • 3 spaces per consulting room

  

DAY NURSERIES / CRECHES
  • 1 space per 2 staff members (likely to be present at any one time)
  • PLUS no more than 4 spaces for visitors. Parking on-street may be acceptable

  

LIBRARIES
  • 1 space per 25 sq.m

  

PLACES OF WORSHIP
  • 1 space per 25 sq.m

  

MUSEUMS
  • 1 space per 3 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS
  • 1 space per 10 patrons expected to be present at any time.

D2

ASSEMBLY AND LEISURE

   

  

CINEMAS, THEATRES, CONCERT HALLS AND CONFERENCE FACILITIES
  • URBAN: 1 space per 5 - 10 seats
  • RURAL: 1 space per 5 seats

  

STADIA
  • 1 space per 15 seats
  • Sufficient parking for coaches should be provided to the satisfaction of the Council taking account of the Transport Assessment and Travel Plan and be designed/managed as a resource separate from car parking.

  

SPORTS FACILITIES
  • Generally - 1 space per 3 staff likely to be present at any one time
  • PLUS as follows for each sporting activity below

  

Outdoor Facilities
  • 1 space per 2 players expected to be present at any time

Sports Halls
  • 1 space per 10 sq.m

Squash/Tennis Clubs
  • 2 spaces per court

Swimming Pools
  • 1 space per 10 sq.m pool area

Spectator Area
  • 1 space per 15 seats

OTHER D2 USES
  • URBAN: 1 space per 22 - 100 sq.m
  • RURAL: 1 space per 22 - 25 sq.m

OTHER USES

OTHER USES OUTSIDE THE USE CLASSES ORDER

   

Private Hire Operating Centres

  

Hostels
  • 1 space per 4 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS
  • 1 space per 4 residents;

  

Auction rooms
  • 1 space per 2 sq.m standing room or 1 space per 4 seats

  

Car Repairs and Car Workshops
  • 1 space per 2 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS
  • 3 spaces per maintenance bay

  

Car Sales
  • 1 space per 2 staff (likely to be present at any one time); PLUS
  • 1 space per 6 vehicles for sale.

  

Petrol Filling Stations
  • 1 space per 2 staff likely to be present at any one time

Bicycle and Motorcycle / Moped Parking Guidance

9.63 It is important that secure facilities are provided for cyclists to park their machines if there is to be an increase in the usage of this environmentally friendly and healthy mode of transport. Security for bicycle parking for both long stay and visitor parking is very important to assist in reducing opportunities for crime. Where long stay bicycle parking (for employees) is to be provided, this should ideally be within the building or an appropriate annex. Bicycle parking requirements are set out in the following Policy:-

Policy T 19

Bicycle Parking Guidance

Bicycle parking shall be provided in accordance with the following guidelines:-

USE CLASS

TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT

BICYCLE PARKING STANDARD (Gross sq.m)

A1

 Shops

1 secure space/stand per 10 employees PLUS 1 stand/space per 200 sq.m;

A2

 Financial And Professional Services

1 secure space/stand per 10 employees Or 1 space/stand per 300 sq.m;

A3

 Food And Drink

None Required;

B1

 Business

1 secure space/stand per 10 employees Or 1 space/stand per 325 sq.m;

B8

 Warehousing

1 secure space per 10 employees Or 1 stand per 750 sq.m;

C1

 Hotels

1 secure stand per 10 employees PLUS 1 space/stand per 10 bedrooms (1 Space Minimum);

C2

 Hospitals/Nursing Homes

1 space/stand per 10 staff in secure facilities PLUS 1 space/stand per 3 Beds;

C3

 Dwelling Houses

None required - but thought should be given within the design process to the storage and parking of bicycles within any housing development;

Flats/Apartments

Should provide secure parking within the development for cycles;

D1

 Primary Schools

1 space per 20 pupils (Includes Spaces For Staff);

D1

 Secondary Schools

1 space per 10 pupils (Includes Spaces For Staff);

D1

 Further Education And Colleges

1 space per 30 students (Includes Space For Staff);

D1

 Places Of Worship

1 space per 50 Seats;

D1

 Museums, Galleries, Public Exhibition Halls

1 space per 10 staff PLUS spaces for visitors;

D1

 Health Centres/Surgeries

1 space/stand per 2 Consulting Rooms;

D2

 Cinemas

1 secure space/stand per 10 Staff PLUS 1 space/stand per 200 sq.m;

Stadia

1 space per 10 staff PLUS spaces for visitors;

Policy T 20

Motorcycle/Moped/Scooter Parking Guidance:

Motorcycle/Moped/ Scooter parking shall be provided in accordance with the following guidelines:-

USE CLASS

TYPE OF DEVELOPMENT

MOTORCYCLE/ MOPED/ SCOOTER PARKING STANDARD (Gross sq.m)

A1

 Retail under 500 sq.m

1 space (total);

Retail over 500 sq.m

1 space per 500 sq.m (minimum);

A2

 Financial and Professional services

1 space per 1000 sq.m;

A3

 Food and Drink

1 space per 200 sq.m;

B1

 Business

1 space per 1000 sq.m;

B2

 General Industry

1 space per 500 sq.m for units under 1000 sq.m; PLUS for larger units: 1 space per 1000 sq.m for over 1000 sq.m.;

B8

 Warehousing

1 space per 500 sq.m (1 space minimum);

C1

 Hotels and Hostels

1 space per 20 bedrooms (1 space minimum);

C2

 Residential Institutions

 
  1. HOSPITALS
  2. Nursing/Residential Homes
  1. For Hospitals:- 1 space per 50 staff (or as agreed as part of the Transport Plan for the development)
  2. For Nursing/Residential Homes -1 space minimum.

C3

 Dwelling Houses

No requirement but thought should be given within the design process to the storage and parking of motorcycles within any housing development;

D1

 Primary Schools

1 space per 300 pupils (1 space minimum);

D1

 Secondary Schools

1 space per 300 pupils (1 space minimum);

D1

 Further Education and Colleges

1 space per 200 pupils (1 space minimum);

D1

 Health Centres, Clinics and Day Centres

1 space minimum;

D1

 Places of Worship

1 space per 50 seats (1 space minimum;)

D1

 Museums, Galleries, Public Exhibition Halls

1 space per 20 staff (1 space minimum); PLUS space for visitors;

D2

 Assembly and Leisure

1 space per 20 staff PLUS 1 space per 300 public seats;

Stadia

1 space per 20 staff PLUS additional spaces agreed as part of the Transport Assessment for spectators and visitors:

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